Risk factors There Before Pregnancy part 4
Asthma: in about half of women who had asthma and pregnancy, the frequency or severity of asthma attacks did not change during pregnancy. About a quarter of women improve during pregnancy, and about a quarter to be worse. If a pregnant woman with severe asthma treated with prednisone, the risk that the fetus does not develop as expected or born prematurely will be increased.
Because asthma can change throughout the pregnancy, the doctor may ask a woman with asthma to use a peak flow meter to monitor their breathing more often. Pregnant women with asthma should visit the doctor regularly so that treatment can be adjusted as needed. With good control of asthma is essential. The treatment is not sufficient to cause serious problems. Cromolyn, bronchodilators (such as albuterol), and corticosteroids (such as beclometason) can be used during pregnancy. Inhalation is the preferred way to use these drugs. When inhaled, the drug affects mostly the lungs and affects the entire body and a little baby. Aminophylline (taken by mouth or intravenously) and theophylline (taken by mouth) are sometimes used during pregnancy. Corticosteroids taken by mouth only when other treatments are not effective. Vaccinated against influenza virus (flu) during the influenza season is very important for pregnant women with asthma.
Autoimmune disorders: disorders resulting in disorders of autoimmune antibodies can cross the placenta and cause problems in the fetus. Autoimmune disorders of pregnancy affect the way different
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can appear for the first time, deteriorate, or a little weight during pregnancy. How does pregnancy affect the way lupus is undefined, but the most common time for the blaze shortly after birth.
Women who have lupus often have a history of recurrent miscarriage, the fetus is not growing as expected, and preterm labor. If women experience complications due to lupus (such as kidney damage or high blood pressure), the risk of death to the fetus or newborn baby increases.
In pregnant women, lupus antibodies can cross the placenta to the fetus. As a result, the fetus may experience a very slow heart rate, anemia, low platelet count, or white blood cell count is low. Even so, these antibodies disappear gradually over a few weeks after the baby is born, and they caused us problems solved except for a slow heart rate.
At Grave's disease, antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone. These antibodies can cross the palsenta and stimulates the thyroid gland in the fetus. As a result, the fetus may experience a rapid heart rate and can not grow as expected. Baby's thyroid gland may enlarge, forming a goiter. Very rarely, mumps may be enlarged associated with vaginal delivery.
Usually, women with Graves' disease using the lowest possible effective dose of propylthiouracil, which slows down the activity of the thyroid gland. Physical examination and measurement of thyroid hormone levels done on a regular basis because of propylthiouracil cross the placenta and prevent the fetus to produce enough thyroid hormone. Often, a less severe Graves' disease during the third trimester, so the dose can be reduced or stopped propylthiouracil. If necessary, the thyroid gland in pregnant women the possibility raised in the second trimester. This woman should start using thyroid hormone 24 hours after surgery. Using this hormone does not cause problems in the fetus.
Myasthenia gravis, which causes muscle weakness, usually does not cause serious and permanent complications during pregnancy. Even so, very rarely occurs during labor, women who have myasthenia gravis may need help when breathing (assisted ventilation). Antibodies that cause the disorder can be through the placenta. So that approximately one in five babies born to women with myasthenia gravis are born with the disorder. Even so, resulting in muscle weakness in infants is usually temporary, because the maternal antibodies disappear gradually and the baby does not produce antibodies to this type.
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura can cause bleeding problems in pregnant women and their babies. If left untreated during pregnancy, the disorder tends to be more severe. Corticosteroids, usually prednisone given by mouth, can increase the platelet count and improve blood clots in pregnant women with this disorder. Even so, prednisone increases the risk that the fetus will not develop as expected or will be born with prematurity. High doses of gamma globulin may be given intravenously immediately after delivery. As a result, labor can be processed safely, and women can live a normal delivery without uncontrolled bleeding. Pregnant women only when the platelet transfusions given birth by cesarean section is needed or when the platelet count is very low which heavy bleeding can occur. Rarely, when a low platelet count remained dangerous despite being treated, the spleen, which normally trap and destroys old blood cells and platelets, was appointed. The best time for surgery is during the second trimester.
Antibodies that cause the disorder can cross the placenta to the fetus, rarely result in dangerously low platelet count before and immediately after birth. Infants and the possibility of bleeding during labor and childbirth, and can result in injury or death, especially if the bleeding occurs in the brain. Antibodies disappear within a few weeks, and then the baby's blood to clot normally.
Rheumatoid arthritis does not affect the fetus, but it may be difficult for a woman giving birth if the arthritis has damaged joints their thigh or the lower spine (lumbar). Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can be reduced during pregnancy, but usually return to their initial levels after pregnancy.
Fibroids: Fibroids in the uterus, are relatively common non-cancerous tumors, can increase the risk of preterm labor, abnormal fetal delivery, the placenta is not in place (placenta previa), and recurrent miscarriages. Rarely, fibroids associated with fetal movement through normal delivery.
Cancer: because the cancer tends to be life threatening and because delaying treatment can reduce the chances of successful treatment, the cancer is usually treated in the same way whether or not pregnant women. Some common treatments (surgery, chemotherapy drugs and radiation therapy) can harm the fetus. Thus, some women might consider abortion. However, treatment can sometimes timed so that the risk to the fetus is reduced.
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